Common nt boot files

This is because as the size of the volume increases, performance with FAT will quickly decrease. It is not possible to set permissions on files that are FAT partitions. Microsoft Windows NT Server 4. Additionally, it was necessary for a new file system to extend the naming system, organization, and security for the growing demands of the network server market.

Filenames are extended to up to double byte characters. HPFS also allows a file to be composed of "data" and special attributes to allow for increased flexibility in terms of supporting other naming conventions and security.

In addition, the unit of allocation is changed from clusters to physical sectors bytes , which reduces lost disk space. As well as the attribute file, this includes information about the modification, creation, and access date and times.

The FNODE can contain the file's data, or pointers that may point to the file's data or to other structures that will eventually point to the file's data. HPFS attempts to allocate as much of a file in contiguous sectors as possible.

This is done in order to increase speed when doing sequential processing of a file. HPFS organizes a drive into a series of 8-MB bands, and whenever possible a file is contained within one of these bands. Between each of these bands are 2K allocation bitmaps, which keep track of which sectors within a band have and have not been allocated.

Banding increases performance because the drive head does not have to return to the logical top typically cylinder 0 of the disk, but to the nearest band allocation bitmap to determine where a file is to be stored. One of the biggest dangers of using HPFS is that if the Super Block is lost or corrupted due to a bad sector, so are the contents of the partition, even if the rest of the drive is fine.

It would be possible to recover the data on the drive by copying everything to another drive with a good sector 16 and rebuilding the Super Block. However, this is a very complex task. The Spare Block is located in logical sector 17 and contains a table of "hot fixes" and the Spare Directory Block. Under HPFS, when a bad sector is detected, the "hot fixes" entry is used to logically point to an existing good sector in place of the bad sector.

This technique for handling write errors is known as hot fixing. Hot fixing is a technique where if an error occurs because of a bad sector, the file system moves the information to a different sector and marks the original sector as bad. For more discussion of the advantages of HPFS, see the following:.

Because of the overhead involved in HPFS, it is not a very efficient choice for a volume of under approximately MB. In addition, with volumes larger than about MB, there will be some performance degradation.

However, unlike FAT or HPFS, there are no "special" objects on the disk and there is no dependence on the underlying hardware, such as byte sectors. To ensure reliability of NTFS, three major areas were addressed: recoverability, removal of fatal single sector failures, and hot fixing. DNS file. It is also possible that it could be in a corrupted entry in the registry. Check these areas for a blank, zero, or invalid IP address, correct it, then stop and re-start the DNS service.

Could not find domain controller for this domain You get this error when trying to create a trust to a domain which has RestrictAnonymous set. You allow the antivirus software to clean the virus off. Actually the drive is not missing. The antivirus software rewrote the MBR master boot record to eliminiate the boot sector virus. Reboot and when NT asks if its OK to write the drive signature, allow it to do so. Until the drive signature is rewritten, NT will set the drive offline.

Drive letter missing, SP6a gotcha! See kb article for workarounds. Emergency Repair Disk Gotcha! Global group, can't delete Q You get the following error when attempting you try to delete the global group: The following error occurred when trying to delete group : This operation is not allowed on this special group. You get the message: The following error occurred changing the properties of the global group : This operation is not allowed on this special group.

IIS Netscape Gotcha! To resolve, make the service dependon the IIS service w3svc. Then vsmon will wait on w3svc before starting. It seems the ZoneAlarm service interferes with w3svc starting if it starts first. Make it start after. This happens when someone has gotten heavy handed with user rights and removed the Access this computer from the network user right from the Everyone group. McAfee NetShield has been known to cause this problem.

If you have NetShield on your domain controllers, remove it. It has gotten corrupted. If you get this error during the installation of NT, it usually means that your drive is formatted with FAT Password corrupt If someone can NOT logon to their domain account but they can from another workstation, its probably the machine's ability to logon that is failing not the users.

You can reset the domain password and it does not help. Solution: remove the workstation from the domain by adding it to a workgroup and then re-add to the domain. This will clearup the workstation's ability to authenicate with the domain. Printing problems for Win9x clients All kinds of odd problems occur when you create a printer and you ignore the compatibility warning about the name being more than 8 characters long. A lot of people blow right past this one.

What you may not realize, is this includes Win9x clients. Don't create a name with more than 8 characters or with a space embedded. Install SP3 or higher to fix its problems. I recently restored a server from tape, including the registry. After reboot, the web server and all other applications and services functioned perfectly. Unfortunately the server netlogon service would not start. The gotcha! This forced the secure channel password out of synch. Prior to joining TechRepublic in , Bill was an IT manager, database administrator, and desktop support specialist in the There are many problems that can occur during the Windows NT 4.

Faulty hardware, incorrectly installed applications, bad system settings, corrupt system files, and other malfunctions can wreak havoc on an NT machine. The possible problems are virtually endless, as are the potential solutions. Solving boot problems can be as easy as removing a non-bootable floppy disk or as complicated as reformatting the hard drive.

However, there are several common boot-related problems with specific fixes. This article addresses a few of these problems and provides fixes for each. While this information may not solve all your boot problems, it will get you well on your way to troubleshooting the Windows NT boot process.

With the computer running DOS, you can run diagnostics to check the system hardware and usually gain access to the primary hard drive, depending on the drive format.

This floppy contains all the information required to restore the system partition and remedy other boot-related troubles. The process for creating an ERD is described below. The three setup disks used to install Windows NT. You should have received these with your copy of Windows NT. Reboot the computer using the Windows NT setup disks. You will only use disks 1 and 2. When prompted, select R for Repair.

From the next menu, deselect any items you do not wish to perform, and then click Continue.